I-injini yesithuthi yonakele kakhulu xa amanzi engenile. Nje ukuba injini yemoto ingene emanzini, kwiimeko ezingephi, i-spark plug ayinakuvutha kwaye injini isenokuzinza ngqo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, injini inokuvuthela. Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, abanini beemoto ngokuqinisekileyo abafuni ukudibana nayo. Ngoko sinokugweba njani ukuba injini ithathe amanzi? Yaye sifanele sijongane njani nomonakalo wawo?
Indlela yokugweba ukuba injini ithathe amanzi?
Ekubeni abantu abaninzi bewuqonda ubungozi bamanzi angena enjinini, sinokubona njani ukuba i-injini iwafake emanzini? Eyona ndlela ilula kukukhangela ukuba umbala we-oyile ye-injini awuqhelekanga na. Ukuba i-oyile ye-injini ijika ibe mhlophe njengobisi, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho amanzi kwitanki yamafutha okanye kwi-injini.
Okwesibini, khangela ukuba umbhobho ngamnye ungene emanzini. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga ukuba ngaba kukho imikhondo ecacileyo yamanzi kwisihluzo somoya kunye nezindlu ezisezantsi zesihluzo somoya, kunye nokukhangela ukuba kukho imikhondo ecacileyo yamanzi kumbhobho wokungenisa kunye nobuninzi bokuthatha. Okokugqibela, jonga ukuba ngaba kukho imikhondo yediphozithi yekhabhoni kwiplagi yentlantsi kunye nodonga lwe-injini yesilinda. Susa ii-spark plugs ze-cylinder nganye kwaye ukhangele ukuba zimanzi na. Xa i-injini isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, iipiston ze-cylinder nganye zifikelela kwiziko eliphezulu lokufa kwindawo enye, kwaye indawo ephezulu yokufa (i-compression clearance) kudonga lwe-cylinder icacile. Xa i-injini ithatha amanzi, ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwamanzi, ipiston ayikwazi ukufikelela kwindawo yokuqala ephezulu efileyo, i-piston stroke iba mfutshane, kwaye indawo ephezulu yokufa iya kutshintsha kakhulu.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, xa isithuthi sihamba emanzini, amanzi angena kwi-cylinder ngokusebenzisa i-manifold intake. Ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwamanzi, i-piston stroke iya kuba mfutshane, ibangele ukugoba okanye ukwaphuka kwe-injini yokudibanisa intonga. Kwiimeko ezinzima, intonga yokudibanisa eyaphukileyo inokubhabha kwaye igqobhoze ibhloko yesilinda. Isizathu sokuba i-stall stall emanzini kukuba emva kokuba i-cap yokusabalalisa ithatha amanzi, umthengisi ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi oqhelekileyo wokutshisa. Isihluzo somoya se-injini simanzi, okukhokelela ekunyuseni ukunyanzeliswa kokungena kunye namanzi angena kwigumbi lokutsha, kwaye i-spark plug ayikwazi ukuvutha. Ukuba i-injini iqalwe ngokutsha ngeli xesha, kulula kakhulu ukuvuthela isilinda.
Ukuba amanzi angena enjinini, amanzi aya kungena kwi-oyile ye-injini, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba i-oyile ye-injini ibe mbi kwaye itshintshe ukusebenza kwayo kwasekuqaleni. Ngale ndlela, i-oyile ye-injini ayinakukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo yokuthambisa, ukupholisa, ukutywina kunye nokunqanda ukubola, kwaye ekugqibeleni yi-injini eyonakeleyo.
Kufuneka siyilungise njani i-injini xa sele ingena emanzini?
Xa siqhuba imoto, ukuba ingozi ibangela ukuba amanzi angene enjinini, sifanele siyilungise njani?
Ukuba i-injini ixuba kuphela nomphunga wamanzi kwaye ithatha amanzi kwisihluzo somoya, akukho ngxaki ingako ngeli xesha. Sifuna kuphela unyango olulula. Coca umphunga wamanzi kwisihluzo somoya, ivalve ye-throttle, kunye necylinder.
Ukuba i-injini ithatha amanzi amaninzi, kodwa ayichaphazeli ukuqhuba okuqhelekileyo. Yenza ingxolo engaphezulu. Kusenokubakho umlinganiselo omncinci wamanzi kwi-oyile ye-injini kunye nepetroli. Kufuneka sitshintshe i-oyile ye-injini kwaye sicoce iindawo ezifanelekileyo ze-injini.
Ukuba kukho amanzi amaninzi athathwayo kwaye injini sele ithathe amanzi endaweni yokuba ibe namanzi amaninzi axutywe. Nangona kunjalo, imoto ayikaqaliswa kwaye injini ayikabonakali. Kufuneka siwakhuphe ngokupheleleyo amanzi, sicoce ngaphakathi, siphinde sidibanise kwaye sitshintshe i-oyile ye-injini. Kodwa inkqubo yombane ayikhuselekanga kakhulu.
Ekugqibeleni, kwimeko apho kukho amanzi amaninzi kunye nemoto ayikwazi ukuqhutyelwa emva kokuqala. Ngeli xesha, i-cylinder, intonga yokudibanisa, i-piston, njl. Iyakwazi ukuqinisekiswa ukuba injini iye yachithwa. Sinokuyitshintsha kuphela nge-injini entsha okanye siyilahle ngqo imoto.
2.Amacandelo e-Automotive Chassis: ISiseko sokuSebenza kweSithuthi kunye noKhuseleko
Ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwemoto ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kumgangatho kunye noyilo lwamacandelo ayo chassis. I-chassis ifana ne-skeleton yemoto, ixhasa kwaye idibanisa zonke iinkqubo eziphambili zesithuthi.
I. Inkcazo kunye noKwakhiwe kweChassis
I-chassis yeemoto ibhekiselele kwisakhelo sesithuthi esixhasa injini, ukuhanjiswa, i-cab, kunye nempahla, kwaye ixhotyiswe nazo zonke iindibano eziyimfuneko ukuze imoto iqhube. Ngokubanzi, i-chassis ikakhulu ibandakanya ezi ndawo zilandelayo:
1. Inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa: Inoxanduva lokufunxa ukothuka okubangelwa yimiphezulu yendlela engalinganiyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukudibana okuhle phakathi kwamavili kunye nomhlaba ukubonelela ukuphatha okuzinzileyo.
2. Inkqubo ye-Drivetrain: Le nkqubo ibandakanya i-drive shaft, umahluko, njl., kwaye inoxanduva lokuhambisa amandla eyunithi yamandla kumavili.
3. Inkqubo ye-Braking: Iqulunqwe ngee-disc ze-brake, iidramu ze-brake, ii-brake pads, njl., yinxalenye ephambili yokunciphisa isithuthi kunye nokumisa.
4. Amavili kunye namavili: Qhagamshelana ngokuthe ngqo nomhlaba kwaye unikeze ukutsalwa okuyimfuneko kunye nemikhosi esecaleni.
5. Inkqubo yokulawula: Inkqubo evumela umqhubi ukuba alawule indlela yemoto, kubandakanywa amacandelo afana ne-steering rack kunye ne-knuckle yokulawula.
II. Ixabiso lezinto ezilungileyo zeChassis
1. Ukuphucula ukuzinza nokhuseleko lokuqhuba
2. Umgangatho wamacandelo e-chassis uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kwemoto. Inkqubo yokumiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo impembelelo yeendlela zokuhamba kwimizimba yesithuthi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukudibanisa kwetayara phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zendlela, ngaloo ndlela ukubonelela ngokuphathwa okuchanekileyo. Ngelo xesha, inkqubo yokunyathela ephendulayo nethembekileyo inokumisa isithuthi ngokukhawuleza kwimeko engxamisekileyo, iphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko lokuqhuba.
3. Ukuphucula intuthuzelo kunye namava okuqhuba
4. Uyilo lwe-chassis lukwamisela induduzo yokuqhuba nokukhwela. Ukulungiswa kwe-chassis okulungileyo kunokulinganisa ukukhululeka kokukhwela kunye nokuphatha ukuchaneka. Ukongeza, amatayara akumgangatho ophezulu kunye namavili akakwazi nje ukunciphisa ingxolo yokuqhuba kodwa aphucule i-aesthetics iyonke yesithuthi.
5. Ukuqinisa ukusebenza kwamandla kunye noqoqosho lwamafutha
6. Inkqubo ye-drivetrain esebenzayo inokunciphisa ilahleko yamandla kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhanjiswa kwamandla. Oku akuphuculi nje ukukhawulezisa ukusebenza kwemoto kodwa kunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nokufezekisa ukuqhuba kwezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo.
7. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kunye neendleko zokugcina
8. Amacandelo e-chassis ehlala ixesha elide anciphisa ukuphindaphinda ukulungiswa kunye nokutshintshwa, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwexesha elide kubanikazi bemoto. Amandla aphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wezinto kunye namacandelo abalulekile ekuphuculeni ukuqina okupheleleyo kwesithuthi.
III. Uwagcina njani amalungu eChassis
Hlola rhoqo inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa
1. Inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa yinxalenye ephambili yokunciphisa ukungcangcazela kunye nokuphazamiseka ngexesha lokuqhuba. Ngexesha lokugcinwa, khangela ukuvuza kweoli kwii-absorbers zothusayo, nokuba imithombo iphukile okanye ikhubazekile, kwaye ingaba iibhola zebhola kunye neengalo zokuxhoma kwiindawo zokuxhumanisa ukumiswa zikhululekile okanye zonakaliswe.
Hlola kwaye utshintshe amatayara
1. Ngexesha lolungiso ngalunye, jonga ubunzulu bokunyathela kwamatayara ukuqinisekisa ukuba bungaphezulu kobunzulu obuphantsi obusemthethweni. Ukunxitywa kokungalingani kungabonisa iingxaki kunye nenkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa okanye uxinzelelo lwamatayara kwaye kufuneka lulungiswe ngexesha. Kwangaxeshanye, faka umoya amatayara ngokwemilinganiselo ecetyiswayo yomenzi kwaye ujikelezise iindawo ezimiswe ngazo itayara ukuqinisekisa ukuba agugile.
2. Jonga inkqubo yokuqhobosha
3. Ngexesha ngalinye lokugcinwa, khangela ukunxiba kweediski ze-brake kunye neepads ze-brake ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziphakathi koluhlu olukhuselekileyo lokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, khangela inqanaba le-fluid kunye nemeko ye-brake fluid ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kuvuza kwaye ubeke endaweni ye-brake fluid ngokomjikelo ocetyiswayo womenzi ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokuqhoqhobala.
4. Qwalasela isixokelelwano sokuqhuba
5. Nayiphi na ingxaki kwisistim sokuqhuba iya kukhokelela kubunzima kulawulo lwesithuthi nokwandisa umngcipheko weengozi. Ngexesha lokugcinwa, khangela ukuba i-fasteners, i-tie rods, i-racks, i-gear kunye nezinye iinqununu zenkqubo yokulawula zikhululekile okanye zonakaliswe. Ngexesha elifanayo, khangela ukuba inkqubo yokulawula amandla (efana nepompo ye-hydraulic, ibhanti, njl.) isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokulawula iguquguqukayo kwaye ichanekile.
Jonga kwaye uthambise iindawo eziphambili ze-chassis
1 Ukuthambisa la macandelo kunokunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo. Ukusebenzisa isikrweqe se-chassis yobuchwephesha okanye izixhobo zokulwa nomhlwa kunokukhusela i-chassis ekudlekeni. Izithuthi eziqhuba kwindawo efumileyo okanye ene-saline-alkaline kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo ngakumbi oku.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-20-2024